基于SPH法的爆炸焊接边界效应二维数值模拟

缪广红; 艾九英; 胡昱; 马宏昊; 沈兆武

doi:10.12073/j.hjxb.20210203002

基于SPH法的爆炸焊接边界效应二维数值模拟

1.
安徽理工大学，淮南，232001
2.
中国科学技术大学，中国科学院材料力学行为和设计重点试验室，合肥，230027

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(11902003，51874267)；安徽省高校自然科学基金重点项目(KJ2017A089)；高校优秀青年骨干人才国外访学研修项目(gxgwfx2019017)

详细信息

作者简介:
缪广红，博士，副教授；主要从事含能材料、爆炸复合及爆炸力学相关领域研究；E-mail：miaogh@mail.ustc.edu.cn

中图分类号: TG 456.6
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-02-02
- 网络出版日期: 2021-12-01
- 刊出日期: 2021-09-29

Two-dimensional numerical simulation of boundary effect of explosive welding based on SPH method

1.
Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
2.
CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China

摘要

摘要: 为了揭示造成爆炸焊接边界效应的机理，文中借助LS-DYNA软件，采用无网格的SPH法分别对复板厚度为2 mm、基板厚度为16 mm的Q235/Q235、TA2/Q235、304不锈钢/Q235复合板进行爆炸焊接边界效应的二维数值模拟. 观察不同组模拟过程中的复板飞行姿态，复板撕裂均发生在与基板碰撞之前. 当基板保持一致，炸药分别为乳化炸药与膨化铵油混合炸药，复板为TA2时均比复板为Q235钢以及304不锈钢的撕裂尺寸更大；当基板、复板均为Q235钢，乳化炸药条件下比膨化铵油混合炸药条件下复板的撕裂尺寸更大. 结果表明，在复板、炸药变化的情况下，爆炸焊接的边界效应依旧存在，只是产生的边界效应的严重程度有所不同；复板极限抗拉强度越低或炸药爆轰速度越高，边界效应现象越严重.
- 爆炸焊接 /
- 边界效应 /
- 数值模拟 /
- 乳化炸药
Abstract: In order to reveal the mechanism of explosive welding boundary effect, LS-DYNA software and meshless SPH method is used to carry out two-dimensional numerical simulation of explosive welding boundary effect on TA2/Q235, Q235/Q235, Q235/TA2 and 304 stainless steel/Q235 composite plates respectively in this paper. The thickness of the flyer plate is 2 mm and the thickness of the based plate is 16 mm. By observing the flight attitude of the flyer plate in different simulation groups, it revealed that the tearing of the flyer plate occurs before the collision with the base plate. When the base plate is consistent and the explosives are emulsion explosives and expanded ammonium oil mixed explosives, the tearing size of the TA2 is larger than the Q235 steel and 304 stainless steel. When the base plate and flyer plate are made of Q235 steel, the tearing size of the flyer plate under the condition of emulsion explosive is larger than that under the condition of expanded ammonium oil mixed explosive. The above results show that the boundary effect of explosive welding still exists when the flyer plate and explosive change, but the severity of the boundary effect is different. The lower the ultimate tensile strength of the flyer plate or the higher the explosive velocity, the more serious the boundary effect phenomenon.
- explosive welding /
- boundary effect /
- numerical simulation /
- emulsion explosive

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图 1 计算模型

Figure 1. Calculation model

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图 2 乳化炸药下Q235/Q235钢爆炸焊模拟中复板的飞行姿态

Figure 2. Flight attitude of flyer plate in explosive welding simulation at different time under emulsion explosive. (a) t =6.3 μs; (b) t = 9.3 μs; (c) t = 12.5 μs; (d) t = 14.1 μs

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图 3 乳化炸药下TA2/Q235钢爆炸焊模拟中复板的飞行姿态

Figure 3. Flight attitude of flyer plate in explosive welding simulation at different time. (a) t =4.9 μs; (b) t = 7.6 μs; (c) t = 10 μs; (d) t = 13 μs

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图 4 膨化铵油混合炸药下Q235/Q235爆炸焊模拟中复板的飞行姿态

Figure 4. Flight attitude of flyer plate in explosive welding simulation at different time under expanded anfo mixed explosive. (a) t =7.1 μs; (b) t = 13.8 μs; (c) t = 16.8 μs; (d) t = 19.7 μs

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图 5 膨化铵油混合炸药下TA2/Q235爆炸焊模拟中复板的飞行姿态

Figure 5. Flight attitude of flyer plate in explosive welding simulation at different time under expanded anfo mixed explosive. (a) t = 6.1 μs; (b) t = 9.8 μs; (c) t = 12.6 μs; (d) t = 14 μs

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图 6 膨化铵油混合炸药下304不锈钢/Q235钢爆炸焊模拟中复板的飞行姿态

Figure 6. Flight attitude of flyer plate in explosive welding simulation at different time under expanded anfo mixed explosive. (a) t = 6.8 μs; (b) t = 13.1 μs; (c) t = 16.1 μs; (d) t = 17.9 μs

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图 7 爆炸焊中复板的飞行姿态

Figure 7. Flying attitude of the flyer plate in explosive welding

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图 8 复板起爆端的飞行姿态示意图

Figure 8. Flight attitude diagram of flyer plate initiation terminal

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图 9 复板末端的飞行姿态示意图

Figure 9. Flight attitude diagram of the end of flyer plate

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表 1 材料模型参数 (mm)

Table 1 Material model parameter

编号	复板		基板		炸药
编号	材料	(长×宽)/(mm × mm)	材料	(长×宽)/(mm × mm)	材料	炸药厚度d/mm
1(对照)	Q235	30 × 2	Q235	30 × 16	乳化	10
2	Q235	30 × 2	Q235	30 × 16	膨化铵油	10
3	TA2	30 × 2	Q235	30 × 16	膨化铵油	10
4	304不锈钢	30 × 2	Q235	30 × 16	膨化铵油	10
5	TA2	30 × 2	Q235	30 × 16	乳化	10

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表 2 乳化炸药与膨化铵油混合炸药的JWL状态参数

Table 2 Parameters for JWL equation state of emulsion explosive and expanded ANFO mixed explosive

材料	炸药密度 ρ/(g·cm⁻³)	炸药爆轰速度 D/(m·s⁻¹)	材料常数1 A_JWL/GPa	材料常数2 B_JWL/GPa	材料常数3 R₁	材料常数4 R₂	材料常数5 ω	初始比内能 E₀/(kJ·cm⁻³)
乳化炸药	1.12	4 510	326.42	5.808 9	5.8	1.56	0.57	3.323
膨化铵油混合炸药	0.681	2 430	49.46	1.891	3.907	1.118	0.333	2.484

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表 3 TA2钛合金、Q235钢和304不锈钢的Johnson-Cook模型参数

Table 3 Johnson-Cook model parameters of TA2,Q235 steel and 304 stainless steel

材料	材料密度 ρ/(g·cm⁻³)	剪切模量 G/GPa	初始屈服应力 A/GPa	硬化模量 B/GPa	硬化指数 n	应变率强化参数 C	软化指数 m	金属熔点 T_m/K	室温 T_r/K
TA2	4.51	43.4	0.420	0.38	0.32	0.220	0.70	1 942	294
Q235	7.83	77.0	0.792	0.51	0.26	0.014	1.03	1 793	294
304	7.90	24.0	0.700	1.30	0.75	0.021	0.90	1 710	294

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表 4 TA2钛合金、Q235钢和304不锈钢的Gruneisen方程参数

Table 4 Gruneisen equation parameters of TA2,235 steel and 304 stainless steel

材料	体积声速 c/(m·s⁻¹)	拟合系数 S₁	Gruneisen系数 γ	体积校正系数 A
TA2	5130	1.028	1.40	0.00
Q235	4569	1.490	2.17	0.46
304	4580	1.490	1.93	0.50

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