Analysis of properties and failure mechanism of Ti600/Ni-25% Si joint
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摘要: 采用Ti-Zr-Ni-Cu非晶钎料对高温钛合金Ti600和Ni-25%Si (原子分数，%)合金进行钎焊试验，重点研究了钎焊温度对镍硅与钛合金接头组织及性能的影响，结合接头组织特征及断口结构分析阐明了Ti600和Ni-25%Si合金钎焊接头的失效机理. 结果表明，钎缝内部包含多个区域，随着连接温度从900 ℃上升至980 ℃，包含(Ti,Zr)2Si和Ti2Ni相的区域逐渐消失，包含Ti5Si3和Ti2Ni相的区域逐渐变厚，最终占据全部钎缝. 力学性能分析表明，随着钎焊温度的升高，接头抗剪强度先增大后降低. 当钎焊温度为960 ℃时，接头的抗剪强度能够达到峰值177 MPa. 在脆性Ti2Ni相基体上弥散分布的Ti5Si3相颗粒破坏了Ti2Ni相的连续性，阻碍了裂纹在钎缝内部的扩展是钎焊接头抗剪强度提升的根本原因.
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关键词:
- Ti600 /
- Ni-25%Si合金 /
- Ti-Zr-Ni-Cu非晶钎料 /
- 界面组织 /
- 力学性能
Abstract: Brazing of Ti600 to Ni-25%Si alloy was performed using Ti-Zr-Ni-Cu amorphous filler foil. The influence of brazing temperature on the microstructures and mechanical property of brazed joints have been studied and the strengthening mechanism of the Ti600/Ni-25%Si brazed joint was clarified. The results show that the brazing seam contains multiple reaction zones. With the increase of brazing temperature, the zone III comprised by (Ti,Zr)2Si and Ti2Ni disappears gradually while the zone IV with Ti5Si3 dispersing in Ti2Ni gradually occupies the brazing seam. As the brazing temperature increases, the shear strength of brazed joints first augmented, reached the peak value of 177 MPa at 960 ℃ and then decreased. The dispersing Ti5Si3 phase distributing in the brittle Ti2Ni phase, which hinders the crack propagation and strengthens the brittle Ti2Ni, improves the shear strength of the brazed joint obtained at elevated temperature. -
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图 1 全片层Ni-25%Si合金微观组织
Figure 1. Typical morphology of the full lamella Ni-25%Si alloys
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图 3 钎焊接头(940 ℃/10 min)界面组织结构及区域放大形貌
Figure 3. Interface structure of brazed joint (940 ℃/10 min) and area enlargement images. (a) interface structure of the joint brazed at 940 ℃ for 10 min; (b) zone I and II; (c) zone III; (d) zone IV, V and VI
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图 4 透射电子显微镜明场像及各部分选区电子衍射分析
Figure 4. TEM and SAED images. (a) zone IV and VI; (b) zone VI and V
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图 5 钎焊温度对钎缝界面组织的影响
Figure 5. Effect of brazing temperature on microstructures of the joints. (a) 900 ℃; (b) 920 ℃; (c) 940 ℃; (d) 960 ℃; (e) 980 ℃
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图 6 不同钎焊温度下所得接头的抗剪强度
Figure 6. Shear strength of joints brazed at different temperature
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图 7 不同钎焊温度下接头宏观剪切断口形貌
Figure 7. Fracture morphologies brazed by different temperature. (a) 920 ℃/10 min; (b) 940 ℃/10 min; (c) 960 ℃ /10 min
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图 8 不同钎焊温度下的接头微观断口形貌
Figure 8. Fracture morphologies brazed by different temperature. (a) SEM images of the fracture surface brazed by 940 ℃/10 min; (b) the edge of fracture surface obtained by 960 ℃ /10 min; (c) the middle of fracture surface obtained by at 960 ℃/10 min; (d) the middle of fracture surface obtained by at 980 ℃/10 min
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图 10 裂纹扩展示意图
Figure 10. Schematic diagrams of the crack propagation path of the joints obtained. (a) below 940 ℃; (b) above 940 ℃
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图 11 IV区连续网状分布的Ti5Si3强化晶界(960 ℃/10 min)
Figure 11. Net-shaped reinforcement phase existing in zone IV(960 ℃/10 min). (a) the brazing joint; (b) the net-shaped reinforcement phase existing in zone IV
表 1 接头内部各点EDS分析结果及可能相(原子分数，%)
Table 1 Chemical composition and possible phase of each spot in the joint
点 Al Si Zr Sn Ti Ni Cu 可能相 A 11.00 1.58 1.84 1.57 76.38 6.55 1.07 α-Ti+β-Ti B 15.21 1.35 0.99 8.53 71.87 1.42 0.63 Ti3Al C 5.06 0.70 2.52 0.22 56.65 31.46 3.39 Ti2Ni D 6.71 1.08 7.58 0.72 55.84 18.11 9.96 (Ti,Zr)2(Cu,Ni) E 9.74 0.69 2.75 1.48 72.91 6.49 5.94 α-Ti+β-Ti F 2.26 29.41 27.79 1.89 30.10 5.73 2.82 (Ti,Zr)2Si G 14.45 1.34 1.44 1.48 73.37 4.19 3.73 α-Ti+β-Ti H 1.64 34.99 3.09 0.33 56.98 2.41 0.55 Ti5Si3 I 0.63 27.16 0.07 0.29 0.31 69.68 1.85 Ti31Si12 J 10.98 2.06 1.85 1.95 72.51 4.88 5.78 α-Ti+β-Ti 
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表 2 钎焊接头断口的EDS结果和可能相(原子分数，%)
Table 2 The ESD results and possible phase of the surface of d joints
点 Al Si Zr Sn Ti Ni Cu 可能相 A 0.22 26.90 0.11 0.41 0.39 70.20 1.77 Ni31Si2 B 4.19 1.07 3.44 0.66 57.28 29.31 4.06 Ti2Ni C 1.10 28.12 0.00 0.22 0.61 68.42 1.53 Ni31Si12 D 6.44 7.61 2.75 0.57 54.01 26.67 1.93 Ti2Ni E 4.07 30.90 6.13 0.47 52.51 4.79 1.13 Ti5Si3 F 4.26 0.68 1.44 0.36 58.65 32.64 1.96 Ti2Ni
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表 3 接头两侧主要相的线膨胀系数与弹性模量
Table 3 CTE and Elastic modulus of the main phase near the brazing interface
主要相 线膨胀系数δ/(10−6 ℃−1) 弹性模量E/GPa TiN2 16 115 Ti600 8.5 109 Ni-25%Si 11.97 259
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