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AA6061填丝FSW T形接头特征及动静载特性分析

Microstructure characteristics, static and fatigue properties of additive FSW T-joint of 6061 alloy

  • 摘要: 利用自主开发的填丝静止轴肩T形接头焊接工具开展了6061-T4铝合金填丝T形接头的焊接试验,获得了成形良好的无缺陷T形接头. 对接头内部成形、显微组织、硬度分布、静载强度及疲劳性能进行了测试与分析. 结果表明,接头轴肩影响区表面存在超细晶区,内部质量良好,焊核区不同位置填充材料与母材发生了不同程度的混合. 接头底板及筋板硬度较母材有不同程度的降低,拉伸测试中底板和筋板方向接头均断裂于热影响区,接头系数分别0.68和0.83. 过渡圆角明显提高了接头的疲劳性能,在2 × 106疲劳寿命下的具有90%置信度及97.5%存活率的特征疲劳强度可达101.4 MPa,远高于IIW建议的设计准则. 疲劳断口显示疲劳裂纹萌生于接头表面轴肩压入边缘,在交变载荷作用下向内部扩展,裂纹稳定扩展区可见明显的疲劳条带,断裂机制为穿晶断裂.

     

    Abstract: The weld forming, microstructure, micro-hardness, static performance and fatigue properties of the 6061 aluminum alloy additive T-joint welded by stationary shoulder friction stir welding were evaluated. The surface of shoulder affected region is characterized by super fine grains. The hardness in the skin and stringer decreases at different levels compared to that of the base material. T-joints fail at the heat affected zone during the tensile tests in both skin and stringer direction, the joint coefficients are 0.68 and 0.83 respectively. Using given welding parameter, the characterized fatigue strength is 101.4 MPa at the cycle of 2 × 106. Filling material improves the fatigue property of T-joint evidently. Fatigue crack initiates at the plunge heel due to stress concentration. The fatigue failure mechanism is dominated by transgranular fracture.

     

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