基于焊缝高熵化的TA2与0Cr18Ni9板材TIG焊分析

翟秋亚; 刘帅宾; 田甜; 徐锦锋; 叶建林

doi:10.12073/j.hjxb.20200830003

基于焊缝高熵化的TA2与0Cr18Ni9板材TIG焊分析

1.
西安理工大学，西安，710048
2.
西安优耐特容器制造有限公司，西安，710201

基金项目: 陕西省自然科学基金重点项目(2018JZ5016)；西安市高校院所人才服务企业工程计划(GR17068).

详细信息

作者简介:
翟秋亚，博士，教授；主要从事凝固技术与难熔难焊金属焊接研究；Email：qiuyazhai@xaut.edu.cn

中图分类号: TG453+.9
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-08-29
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-18
- 刊出日期: 2021-04-24

Analysis on TIG welding of TA2 and 0Cr18Ni9 plate based on high entropy of weld

1.
School of materials, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
2.
Xi’an Younite Container Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710201, China

摘要

摘要: 针对钛/钢焊接难，焊缝易产生金属间化合物导致接头力学性能不良等问题，依据焊缝金属高熵化技术思路，通过基于密度泛函理论的热力学第一性原理设计并制备出塑韧性良好的多主元Ti₁₀Fe₂₉Ni₃₂Cu₂₂V₇合金作为焊材，用于TA2/0Cr18Ni9薄板的TIG焊接. 结果表明，使用Ti₁₀Fe₂₉Ni₃₂Cu₂₂V₇焊材熔焊钛/钢，所得焊接接头形貌完整，无明显焊接缺陷，焊缝金属与母材结合性良好. 焊缝中心组织则由等轴晶组成，熔合区组织以柱状晶为特征，这些晶体均具有简单立方固溶体结构，有效避免了TiFe₂，TiFe金属间化合物的形成，接头抗拉强度达到205 MPa.
- 钛/钢熔焊 /
- 焊缝高熵化 /
- 第一性原理 /
- 组织与性能
Abstract: In order to solve the problem of poor mechanical properties of joint caused by intermetallic compounds in the welding seam of titanium/steel, according to the high entropy technology of weld metal, the multi-component Ti₁₀Fe₂₉Ni₃₂Cu₂₂V₇ alloy with good plasticity and toughness was designed and prepared according to the first principles of thermodynamics based on density functional theory, which was used for TIG welding of TA2/0Cr18Ni9 sheet. The results show that: using Ti₁₀Fe₂₉Ni₃₂Cu₂₂V₇ welding material for fusion welding titanium/steel, the welding joint morphology is complete, no obvious welding defects, and the bonding between weld metal and base metal is good. The microstructure of the weld center is composed of equiaxed grains, and the microstructure of the fusion zone is characterized by columnar crystals. These crystals have a simple cubic solid solution structure, which effectively avoids the formation of intermetallic compounds. The tensile strength of the joint is high, up to 205 MPa.
- Titanium/steel fusion welding /
- Weld highly entropy /
- First principles /
- Structure and properties

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图 1 TA2/0Cr18Ni9焊缝的XRD图谱

Figure 1. X-ray pattern of weld in the the joint of TA2/0Cr18Ni9

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图 2 用Ti₁₀Fe₂₉Ni₃₂Cu₂₂V₇ TIG焊TA2/0Cr18Ni9获得的接头组织

Figure 2. Microstructure of the TA2/0Cr18Ni9 TIG welding joint by using Ti₁₀Fe₂₉Ni₃₂Cu₂₂V₇ alloy. (a) morphology of TA2/0Cr18Ni9 joint; (b) weld near 0Cr18Ni9; (c) center of the weld; (d) weld near TA2

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图 3 TIG焊TA2/0Cr18Ni9焊缝中心组织及EDS测点位置

Figure 3. Microstructure and measuring points of weld center of TA2/0Cr18Ni9 GTAW

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图 4 TA2/0Cr18Ni9 TIG焊焊缝线扫描图

Figure 4. Line scanning position spectrums of weld metal of TA2/0Cr18Ni9 GTAW. (a) line scanning position; (b) distribution of elements

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图 5 TA2/0Cr18Ni9接头的硬度分布

Figure 5. Hardness distribution of TA2/0Cr18Ni9 joint

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图 6 TA2/0Cr18Ni9 TIG焊接接头拉伸断口形貌(TA2侧)

Figure 6. The tensile fracture morphology of the joint near TA2 of TA2/0Cr18Ni9 GTAW

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表 1 钛/钢TIG焊工艺参数

Table 1 The parameters of GTAW titanium and steel

焊接电流I/A	焊接速度v/(mm·min⁻¹)	氩气流量Q/(L·min⁻¹)	喷嘴直径D₁/mm	钨极直径D₂/mm	焊丝伸出长度L/mm	滞后断气时间t/s
60～80	60～100	12～15	10	3	4～6	3～5

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表 2 主元原子半径差、混合焓、混合熵及Ω值

Table 2 The atomic radius difference, enthalpy of mixing, entropy of mixing and Ω value of main elements

Ti含量 (原子分数, %)	原子半径差 δ(%)	混合焓 ΔH_mix/ (kJ·mol⁻¹)	混合熵 ΔS_mix/ (J·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹)	Ω值^[13]
x =5	3.44	−2.02	11.74	9.94
x = 8	4.04	−4.26	12.09	4.87
x = 10	4.37	−5.67	12.26	3.73
x = 12	4.65	−7.01	12.39	3.05
x = 14	4.91	−8.29	12.50	2.61

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表 3 高熵合金Ti_x[Fe₃₂Ni₃₆Cu₂₄V₈]_100−x的弹性系数

Table 3 Elastic constants of high entropy alloys Ti_x[Fe₃₂Ni₃₆Cu₂₄V₈]_100−x

Ti含量(原子分数, %)	C₁₁/GPa	C₁₂/GPa	C₄₄/GPa	体模量B/GPa	剪切模量G/GPa	弹性模量E/GPa	G/B	泊松比v
x = 5	341.063	245.170 8	133.511 2	277.134 8	88.593 4	240.186 2	0.319 7	0.355 6
x = 8	321.095 2	236.841 4	127.855 6	264.926 0	82.023 3	223.050 5	0.309 6	0.359 7
x = 10	309.095 5	240.039 4	127.524 2	263.058 1	75.856 9	207.614 5	0.288 36	0.368 5
x = 12	313.276 3	238.929 3	130.254 7	263.711 6	79.049 0	215.604 2	0.299 8	0.363 7
x = 14	303.651 4	227.615	124.976 2	252.960 5	77.728 9	211.521 5	0.307 3	0.360 6
注：C₁₁, C₁₂, C₄₄为理论计算出的弹性系数

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表 4 TIG焊TA2/0Cr8Ni9焊缝中心EDS测试结果(原子分数，%)

Table 4 EDS results of weld center of TA2/0Cr18Ni9 GTAW

位置	Ti	Fe	Ni	Cu	V
1	30.57	36.07	21.45	5.44	6.47
2	27.36	39.69	18.92	6.31	7.72
3	43.04	21.92	20.58	9.21	5.26

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施引文献(10)

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5.	孙修圣. 钛管道K-TIG深熔焊工艺研究及应用. 压力容器. 2023(09): 23-30 . 百度学术