激光熔覆高铬铁基合金的组织形成机制及对显微硬度的影响
Formation mechanism of microstructure of laser cladding high chromium Fe-based alloy and its effect on microhardness
-
摘要: 采用2 kW光纤碟片激光器在3Cr13不锈钢刀具表面进行同轴送粉激光熔覆高铬铁基合金，以提高刀刃的硬度.通过SEM，EDS，EPMA，XRD分析了熔覆层的显微组织及相组成，采用显微硬度仪进行了硬度测试.结果表明，在凝固的过程中，成分过冷和散热速度的不同，组织大致分为枝晶区、细晶共晶区、粗晶区三个区域，各区域内均分布有（Fe，Cr）7C3，可增加熔覆层的硬度和耐磨性.由于各区域内晶粒的大小不同，使得熔覆层内硬度呈阶梯分布.Ni元素的加入，促进熔覆层中基体奥氏体化，在刀具使用过程中可对高硬度的碳化物起韧性缓冲作用，从而保证了熔覆层的综合力学性能.Abstract: A high chromium iron-base alloy with the coaxial powder laser coating is implemented on the surface of the 3Cr13 stainless steel blade by using 2 kW fibre-optical disc laser to improve the hardness of the blade. SEM, EDS, EPMA and XRD are used to analyze the microstructure of the cladding layer and the microhardness is tested. The results show that the cladding layer is well-formed and metallurgically bonded with the substrate without defects such as cracks, porosity and so on. With the change of the heat dissipation and the constitutional supercooling, microstructure can be roughly divided into three regions:dendritic region, eutectic fine grain region and coarse grain region. The carbides of (Fe,Cr)7C3 is distributed in each region to increase the hardness and abrasion resistance of the cladding layer. As the size of the grain in each region is different, the hardness of the cladding layer is differently distributed. While, the addition of Ni element promotes the austenization of the matrix in the cladding layer. It can play a role in the toughness of the carbides with high hardness during the use of the knife. Thus, the comprehensive mechanical properties of the cladding layer are obtained.
-
Keywords:
- laser cladding /
- Fe-based alloy /
- microstructure /
- microhardness
-
-
[1] 招富刚.广东省阳江市五金刀剪产业技术线路图[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社, 2014. [2] 王传礼,赵国明. 3Cr13不锈钢循环热处理工艺探讨[J].热处理技术与装备, 2010, 31(1):43-44 Wang Chuanli, Zhao Guoming. Discussion on cyclic heat treatment process of 3Cr13 stainless steel[J]. Heat Treatment Technology and Equipment, 2010, 31(1):43-44 [3] 董世运,马运哲,徐滨士,等.激光熔覆材料研究现状[J].材料导报, 2006, 20(6):5-9 Dong Shiyun, Ma Yunzhe, Xu Binshi, et al. The research development of laser cladding materials[J]. Materials Review, 2006, 20(6):5-9 [4] 李美艳,韩滨,高宁,等.柱塞表面激光熔覆铁基涂层的强韧化机理[J].焊接学报, 2014, 35(2):19-22 Li Meiyan, Han Bin, Gao Ning, et al. Strengthening and toughening mechanism of laser cladding Fe-based coating on plunger surface[J]. Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 2014, 35(2):19-22 [5] 尹燕,栗子林,许广伟,等. 3Cr13碟片激光同轴送粉熔覆层的显微硬度与组织[J].焊接学报, 2016, 37(10):86-87 Yin Yan, Li Zilin, Xu Guangwei, et al. Microhardness and microstructure of laser cladding layer on 3Cr13 kitchen knife by disc laser coaxial powder[J]. Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 2016, 37(10):86-87 [6] 李林起,姚成武,黄坚,等.激光熔覆高硬度铁基涂层枝晶间残余奥氏体相特征[J].中国激光, 2017, 44(3):1-5 Li Linqi, Yao Chengwu, Huang Jian, et al. Characteristics of interdendritic residual austenite in laser cladding of hagh hardness Fe-based coating[J]. Chinese Journal Lasers, 2017, 44(3):1-5 [7] 张文钺.焊接冶金学[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 1999. [8] 宋建丽,邓琦林,胡德金,等.激光熔覆成形316L不锈钢组织的特征与性能[J].中国激光, 2005, 32(10):1441-1444 Song Jianli,Deng Qilin,Hu Dejin,et al. Microstructure characterization and properties of laser cladding foeming 316L stainless steel[J]. Chinese Journal Lasers, 2005, 32(10):1441-1444 [9] Chia-ming Chang, Chi-Ming Lin, Chih-Chun Hsieh, et al. Micro-structural characteristics of Fe-40wt% Cr-xC hardfacing alloys with[1.0-4.0wt%] carbon content[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2009, 487(1-2):83-89. [10] Gulyaev A P. Carbide transformations in alloys steels[J]. Metal science&Heat Treatment of Metals, 1959, 1(11):54-61. [11] Wieczerzal K, Bala P, Stepien M, et al. Formation of eutectic carbides in Fe-Cr-Mo-C alloy during non-equilibrium crystallization[J]. Materials Design, 2016, 94:61− 68. [12] 胡汉起.金属凝固原理[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2015. [13] 毛加成,冯爱新,程宝义,等.激光熔覆铁基合金涂层的组织及摩擦磨损性能[J].热加工工艺, 2017, 46(2):139-142 Mao Jiacheng, Feng Aixin, Chen Baoyi et al. Microstructure and friction and wear properties of Fe-based alloy coatings by laser cladding[J]. Hot Working Technology, 2017, 46(2):139-142 -
期刊类型引用(5)
1. 耿占一，胡连海，霍佳磊，卢立祥，王松涛，陈永福. 激光复合焊技术研究及应用进展. 金属加工(热加工). 2023(04): 1-9 . 
百度学术
2. 侯俊良，周博芳，张红霞，李桃花，满武士，谢昊东. 汽车轻量化铝合金材料的搅拌摩擦焊研究现状. 电焊机. 2023(12): 86-94 . 百度学术
3. 时尚，刘丰刚，黄春平，舒宗富. 激光复合热源焊接技术的研究进展. 材料导报. 2022(11): 170-177 . 百度学术
4. 李桓，徐光霈，张宇辉，吴胜，王飞. 2219/5A06异种铝合金焊接接头组织与性能相关性. 焊接学报. 2020(09): 8-15+97 . 本站查看
5. 邵帅，黄永德，陈玉华. 钛合金搅拌摩擦焊搅拌头研究现状. 精密成形工程. 2019(05): 115-122 . 百度学术
其他类型引用(8)
计量
- 文章访问数: 467
- HTML全文浏览量: 3
- PDF下载量: 117
- 被引次数: 13
下载:
