3D reconstruction of laser scanning at weld surface defects
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摘要: 为检测工件焊缝表面缺陷，采用点激光位移传感测距法和数据拟合技术进行焊缝表面缺陷检测试验研究. 首先采集缺陷表面轮廓数据点，利用高斯滤波对原始数据降噪处理. 再对处理后的数据点进行Delaunay三角剖分，使散乱点连接并结合其空间坐标重构出缺陷的三维模型. 结果表明，基于点激光位移传感测距技术及焊缝表面缺陷三维重构方法可以准确判断焊缝成形情况.Abstract: The surface defects of the workpiece weld bead were detected suing a point laser displacement sensing method. Firstly, the data of weld defect surface was collected and the original data was filtered by Gaussian filtering. Then the Delaunay triangulation was applied for the processed data points and reconstruction of a three-dimensional model with the spatial coordinates. Experimental results showed that the 3D reconstruction method based on the point laser displacement sensing and the surface defect images of the weld bead can accurately judge the appearance of welds.
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Keywords:
- laser ranging /
- weld defect /
- triangulation /
- 3D reconstruction
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图 6 含有凹坑缺陷的单次焊缝扫描横向轮廓图
Figure 6. Single weld scanning horizontal profile including pits defects
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图 10 咬边缺陷焊缝二维轮廓图及三维重构图
Figure 10. Two-dimensional contour and three-dimensional reconstruction picture of weld with undercut defect. (a) two-dimensional contour of weld with undercut defect; (b) three-dimensional reconstruction picture of weld with undercut defect
表 1 量块高度测量误差表
Table 1 Gage block height measurement error table
序号 10 mm 标准值量块 测量值 h1/mm 真实值 h/mm 误差 ε/mm 1 9.962 10 0.038 2 9.945 10 0.055 3 9.907 10 0.093 4 9.946 10 0.054 5 9.988 10 0.012 6 10.069 10 –0.069 7 9.955 10 0.045 8 10.076 10 –0.076 9 9.959 10 0.041 10 9.939 10 0.061 平均值 $\scriptstyle \bar h $ /mm9.975 10 0.025 标准偏差σ/mm 0.025 均方误差 MSE/mm 0.058 4 
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