Microstructural characteristics and property of laser cladded TC4+AlSi10Mg composite coating on the CFRP surface
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摘要: 采用激光熔覆技术在碳纤维增强热塑性塑料(carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastics, CFRP)表面成功地制备了TC4 + AlSi10Mg复合涂层. 通过扫描电镜、能谱仪和透射电镜分析了TC4 + AlSi10Mg复合涂层与CFRP基体连接的界面层微观结构、元素成分分布及相组成. 采用纳米压痕仪对复合涂层到基材的硬度变化规律进行测试. 结果表明，通过激光熔覆技术可以快速在CFRP材料表面形成连续的、均匀的TC4 + AlSi10Mg复合涂层. TC4 + AlSi10Mg复合粉末在激光作用下，受热熔化渗透到CFRP基体内部，形成良好的冶金结合，并在碳纤维-树脂-复合涂层之间形成连续的界面层. TC4 + AlSi10Mg复合涂层与CFRP基体连接的界面层相成分为TiC，Ti3Al，TiS2和Ti3AlC相. CFRP基体的平均硬度为10.15 HV，涂层的最高硬度可达1914 HV. 基于试验观察和理论分析，得出CFRP表面激光熔覆TC4 + AlSi10Mg复合涂层主要的界面反应机理为Ti(s) + C(s)→TiC(s)，Al(l) + 3Ti(s)→Ti3Al(s).Abstract: TC4+AlSi10Mg composite coating was successfully prepared on the surface of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) by laser cladding technology. Microstructure, elemental composition and distribution as well as phase composition of the interface layer between the TC4+AlSi10Mg composite coating and CFRP substrate were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, energy disperse spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Hardness was measured by nanoindentor along the vertical direction from the composite coating to the CFRP substrate. Research findings showed that laser cladding technology could be applied to fabricate uniform and continuous TC4 coating on the surface of CFRP substrate. Upon the heat effect of laser cladding, the TC4+AlSi10Mg composite powder melted and then penetrated into the interior of the CFRP substrate, thus achieving a good metallurgical bonding. Finally, a continuous interface layer formed among carbon fiber, plastics, and composite coating. The interface layer between the TC4+AlSi10Mg composite coating and CFRP substrate was mainly composed of TiC, Ti3Al, TiS2, and Ti3AlC phases. The average hardness of the CFRP substrate was 10.15 HV, while the maximum hardness of the composite coating was 1 914 HV. In addition, based on experimental observation and theoretical analysis, the dominant interface reaction mechanism of the laser cladded TC4+AlSi10Mg composite coating on the CFRP surface can be drawn as follows: Ti(s) + C(s) → TiC(s), Al(1) + 3Ti(s) → Ti3Al(s).
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Keywords:
- laser cladding /
- CFRP /
- microstructural /
- bonding mechanism
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图 3 激光熔覆涂层横截面形貌
Figure 3. Cross section morphology of laser cladding coating. (a) interface morphology; (b) top of coating; (c) middle of coating; (e) inferface
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图 5 界面HAADF元素面分布
Figure 5. HAADF elemental plane distribution of interface. (a) HAADF image of interface; (b) C element distribution; (c) Ti element distribution; (d) Al element distribution
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图 6 界面相衍射分析
Figure 6. Phase diffraction analysis of interface. (a) bright field image of interface; (b) SAED pattem of Ⅰ area; (c) SAED pattem of Ⅱ area; (d) SAED pattem of Ⅲ area; (e) SAED pattem of Ⅳ area; (f) SAED pattem of Ⅴ area
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图 7 CFRP与涂层的结合机理
Figure 7. Bonding mechanism of the coating and CFRP. (a) initial stage; (b) reaction stage; (c) enlarged view of area A in Fig.7b; (d) final stage
表 1 TC4钛合金的化学成分(质量分数，%)
Table 1 Chemical composition of TC4 titanium alloy
Fe C N Al V H Ti 0.30 0.10 0.05 5.5~6.8 3.5~4.5 0.015 其余 
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表 2 AlSi10Mg合金的化学成分(质量分数，%)
Table 2 Chemical composition of TC4 titanium alloy
Si Mg Mn Cu Fe Zn Al 9.2 0.48 0.21 0.26 0.84 0.25 其余
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元素 C Al Si V Ti Ⅰ 29.94 15.35 1.01 1.86 51.84 Ⅱ 6.05 21.38 1.84 2.18 68.55 Ⅲ 5.97 21.68 1.4 2.75 68.2 Ⅳ 11.56 19.12 1.06 2.56 65.7
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