Abstract: With the development of additive manufacturing (AM) technology, a variety of AM technologies, such as arc, laser and electron beam AM technologies, have been extensively researched in their respective sectors. The characteristics of electron beam freeform fabrication (EBF³) were summarized in this paper. The research on EBF³ technology and the latest achievements on the equipment and technique of EBF³ in domestic and foreign were introduced. Research work of EBF³ which should be launched was analyzed. Finally, EBF³ technology should be developed along refractory metals and composite materials, preparation of gradient materials and complex component additive manufacturing was prospected.