铝/铜异种金属熔钎焊接头微观组织与力学性能
Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al/Cu dissimilar metals welding-brazing joint
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摘要: 采用ER5356铝镁焊丝对1060纯铝与T2紫铜进行了脉冲旁路耦合电弧MIG熔钎焊，并对接头宏观形貌、微观组织及力学性能进行了分析. 结果表明,在合适的焊接工艺参数下，可以获得成形美观、连续均匀、无缺陷的铝/铜异种金属接头. 焊接接头从铜侧以金属间化合物层、Al-Cu共晶体向焊缝过渡，金属间化合物主要由脆硬的Al2Cu相组成，而焊缝区主要由先析出的α(Al)固溶体以及从其晶界上析出的网状(Al)+S(Al2CuMg)/θ(Al2Cu)共晶组织组成. 随着焊接热输入的增加，金属间化合物层厚度明显增大，而焊接接头拉伸载荷先升高后下降，这与焊缝在铜母材上润湿铺展有关. 接头拉伸时，主要在铝母材热影响区和焊缝与铜母材界面处发生断裂.
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关键词:
- 异种金属 /
- 脉冲旁路耦合电弧MIG熔钎焊 /
- 金属间化合物 /
- 拉伸载荷
Abstract: Dissimilar metals of 1060 aluminum and T2copper were joined with lap joint by pulsed double electrode gas metal arc welding-brazing with ER5356 AlMg5filler wire. Microstructure, elements composition and mechanical properties of joint were studied. The results showed that good-looking，continuous and uniform，defectless welds could be obtained with proper welding parameters．Welded joints transit from copper side with intermetallic compound (IMC) layer, Al-Cu eutectic to welding seam. The IMC layer is composed of Al2Cu phase, and the weld zone is composed of α(Al) solid solutions and α(Al)+S(Al2CuMg)/θ(Al2Cu) eutectic in the grain boundary. The thickness of IMC layers increases with the increase of welding heat input, while the tensile load of joint increases at first and then decreases, which is related to the wetting and spreading of the weld on the copper base material. Tensile test results show that the joint fractures at the heat affected zone of aluminum base metal or interface layer between the weld and the copper base metal. -
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