振动条件下硬铝合金TIG焊接的工艺优化
Process optimization of high strength aluminum alloy TIG welding under vibration
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摘要: 采用Al-Si系焊丝对Al-Cu-Mg硬铝合金进行半自动TIG焊，焊接过程中施加机械振动.采用正交试验方法对工艺参数进行优化，并对不同工艺参数下硬铝合金的焊接接头进行拉伸性能、硬度、显微组织和物相分析，分析振动参数和焊接参数对焊接接头组织性能的影响规律和作用机理.结果表明，最佳工艺匹配参数为：焊接电流I=110 A、振动幅度D=0.05 mm、振动频率f=50 Hz，此时接头的性能为：抗拉强度Rm=289.68 MPa，断后伸长率A=4.95%，焊缝平均硬度H为108.0 HV；合适参数的振动可以细化焊缝区显微组织、抑制孔状缺陷，并使焊缝显微组织为细小的等轴树枝晶和胞状树枝晶为主，进而提高焊接接头综合力学性能.Abstract: Al-Cu-Mg high strength aluminum alloy was welded by semi-automatic TIG welding using Al-Si-based wire. During welding process, the mechanical vibration was applied. In order to optimize the process parameters, the orthogonal test was used. The tensile properties, hardness, microstructure and phase analysis were studied for different parameters of high strength aluminum alloy welded joint to research the interaction and mechanism of vibration. The results show that the optimum matching parameters are as follows, welding current I=110 A, the vibration amplitude D=0.05 mm, vibration frequency f=50 Hz. The performance at this time is that tensile strength Rm=289.68 MPa, elongation δ=4.95%, and the average hardness of the weld 108.0 HV. Vibration parameters can promote the formation of fine crystal axes, inhibit the production of porous defects. Suitable parameters vibration can refine the microstructure of the weld zone, inhibit the production of porous defects. The microstructure of the weld is mainly composed of fine equiaxed dendrite and cellular dendrite. So the comprehensive mechanical properties of welded joints will be improved.
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