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残余应力对钢轨焊接接头落锤试验性能的影响

朱志明, 范开果, 刘晗, 王永东

朱志明, 范开果, 刘晗, 王永东. 残余应力对钢轨焊接接头落锤试验性能的影响[J]. 焊接学报, 2017, 38(4): 55-58. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20170413
引用本文: 朱志明, 范开果, 刘晗, 王永东. 残余应力对钢轨焊接接头落锤试验性能的影响[J]. 焊接学报, 2017, 38(4): 55-58. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20170413
ZHU Zhiming, FAN Kaiguo, LIU Han, WANG Yongdong. Influence of residual stress on drop-weight test performance of rail welded joint[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2017, 38(4): 55-58. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20170413
Citation: ZHU Zhiming, FAN Kaiguo, LIU Han, WANG Yongdong. Influence of residual stress on drop-weight test performance of rail welded joint[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2017, 38(4): 55-58. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20170413

残余应力对钢轨焊接接头落锤试验性能的影响

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51075231);铁道部科技研究开发计划重大资助项目(2008G001-C);国家科技重大专项资助项目(2012ZX04012011)

Influence of residual stress on drop-weight test performance of rail welded joint

  • 摘要: 对钢轨窄间隙电弧焊接头热处理前后的残余应力分布进行了测量和比较,结合落锤试验结果和断口形貌,分析了焊接残余应力对钢轨接头落锤试验性能的影响.结果表明,热处理前,钢轨接头的轨腰和轨颚部位存在较大残余拉应力,在落锤冲击载荷作用下容易形成裂纹源,并沿轨腰向母材延伸、扩展、断裂;热处理后,钢轨接头的残余应力最大值下降1/2~2/3,抗冲击载荷能力显著提高,落锤试验时的钢轨接头沿焊缝中心或热影响区垂直断裂.钢轨接头存在较大残余应力时,在落锤冲击载荷作用下,容易在残余应力较大的部位产生裂纹,并加速扩展和断裂.
    Abstract: The residual stress distributions of rail joint welded by narrow-gap arc welding are measured before and after heat treatment and are compared, and then the influence of welding residual stress on the drop-weight test performance of rail welded joint is analyzed by combining the drop-weight test results with fracture appearance. The experimental results show that, there exists a comparative large residual tensile stress in the parts of web and jaw of rail welded joint before heat treatment, where the crack source forms easily under the action of shock load from drop weight, afterwards, the crack extends and propagates to base metal along the rail web, until the rail welded joint ruptures. The maximum value of residual stress in rail welded joint declines 1/2~2/3 after heat treatment, the resistant capability of rail welded joint to shock load is improved significantly, and the rail welded joint ruptures vertically along the weld center or heat affected zone during drop weight test. When there is larger residual stress within rail welded joint, the crack is easy to generate and accelerating propagate in the part existing larger residual stress under the action of shock load from drop weight, and resulting in final fracture.
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  • 收稿日期:  2015-03-24

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